2020-06-06

Most of the effects of statins can be explained by pleiotropic effects independent of their lowering of serum cholesterol; in some cases, these effects have been shown to be a result of the role

An antagonistically pleiotropic gene can be selected for if it has beneficial effects in early life while having its negative effects in later life because genes tend to have larger impacts on fitness in an organism's prime than in their old age. An example of this is testosterone levels in male humans. Recent experimental evidence supports the premise that clinical benefits are related primarily to pleiotropic effects of statins (endothelial function, inflammation, coagulation and plaque vulnerability). Pleiotropic effects of IL-8 on leukocytes have also been delineated in part by the use of antisense approaches. An IL-8 antisense oligonucleotide was found to specifically block the production of mono-cyte-derived angiogenic activity (Koch et al., 1992). Specific Effects Dementia Protection.

Such a gene that exhibits multiple phenotypic expression is called a pleiotropic gene. Mutation in a pleiotropic gene may have an effect on several traits simultaneously, due to the gene coding for a product used by a myriad of cells or different targets that have the same signaling function. Pleiotropy can arise from several distinct but potentially overlapping mechanisms, such as gene The pleiotropic effects attributed to statins are many. 1,2 They include increases in endothelial nitric oxide formation; flow-mediated vascular dilatation; suppression of vascular inflammation; reduction of circulating biomarkers that indicate inflammation (such as C-reactive protein); a reduction in T-cell activation with a decrease in cytokines; promotion of neovascularization in ischemic tissue; and modulation of thrombosis and coagulation. Statins may exert cardiovascular protective effects that are independent of LDL-cholesterol lowering called pleiotropic effects. Pleiotropic effects are most commonly noticed in conjunction with genetic disorders, since a mutation on a single gene may result in multiple problems affecting growth and development, i.e., height, weight, skeletal development. If there hadn’t been a mutation on that gene, the pleiotropic impact may have gone unnoticed.

The Pleiotropic Effects of a Drug . In defense of the care providers in such settings, they feel tremendous pressure from the patients who come to see them that "they want what they want." Thus, it is not surprising that mutations in genes which function in melanocyte development or melanogenesis frequently cause pleiotropic effects involving sight, hearing and neurologic functioning.

Sep 27, 2016 A single gene is expressed consistently throughout the life of an organism, but as the organism changes it has different effects. Check Answer.

Antagonistic pleiotropy is a theory proposed to explain how senescence, or biological aging, can be attributed to natural selection of certain pleiotropic alleles. In antagonistic pleiotropy, an allele that has a negative impact on an organism can be favored by natural selection if the allele also produces advantageous effects. The pleiotropic effects of IGF-1 and insulin on cellular metabolism, mitogenesis, apoptosis, and survival and cytodifferentiation are mediated by a complex network of intracellular signaling pathways [ 1 ]. Signaling is initiated by ligand-specific activation of cell surface receptors with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity.

Jul 8, 2020 The gene having a multiple phenotypic effect because of its ability to control expression of two or more characters is called pleiotropic gene.

Regulatory agencies require that new cholesterol-lowering treatments should be tested on top of background standard of care therapy, including statins. An analysis published in the Annals of Internal Medicine in 2018 found pleiotropic benefits were not significant. Good overview of pleiotropic effects.

The genetically predicted effect of statin use on IHD in specifically men was partially Jun 25, 2008 Keywords: Pleiotropic effectsStatinsLow-density lipoprotein Ongoing interest in the pleiotropic effects of statins has extended to their Abstract Under field conditions in Germany over three growing seasons the pleiotropic effects on yield and its components of four sets of near isogenic lines Conclusions: These data suggest that the anti-atherosclerotic pleiotropic effect of cilostazol resulted in the reduction of spontaneous infarct volume in SHR-SP Omega-3 fatty acids except for their effect on triglycerides levels have cardioprotective properties as well as antiarrhythmic properties.The pleiotropic effects of Jan 10, 2014 Pleiotropic effects of statins in atherosclerotic disease composition can be ascribed to LDL lowering or an anti-inflammatory pleiotropic effect. Feb 26, 2015 The benefit of statins in the prevention of cardiovascular disease is well founded, derived from their lipid lowering and pleiotropic effects. Aug 11, 2013 Atrial fibrillation remains the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice. Dronedarone is an antiarrhythmic drug for the maintenance of sinus Pleiotropic Effects of Resistance-Breaking Mutations on Particle Stability Provide Insight into Life History Evolution of a Plant RNA Virus. Sayanta Bera, Manuel There were shown also to exist non-lipid-modifiable effects of statins called pleiotropic ones, which could be responsible for this additional benefit. The most The effects of deleting the QA motif were strong in some tissues but barely detectable in others.
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2021 — including immunomodulatory activity, protection against respiratory tract infections and pleiotropic effects on the cardiovascular system.

2015-12-17 · V. PLEIOTROPIC ACTIONS OF VITAMIN D. Over the course of the last decades, it has become increasingly clear that the effects of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 are not limited to the maintenance of calcium and phosphate homeostasis. The Pleiotropic Effects of a Drug . In defense of the care providers in such settings, they feel tremendous pressure from the patients who come to see them that "they want what they want." Thus, it is not surprising that mutations in genes which function in melanocyte development or melanogenesis frequently cause pleiotropic effects involving sight, hearing and neurologic functioning.
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Mutation in a pleiotropic gene may have an effect on several traits simultaneously, due to the gene coding for a product used by a myriad of cells or different targets that have the same signaling function.

These cholesterol-independent effects include improving endothelial function, attenuating vascular and myocardial remodeling, inhibiting vascular inflammationand oxida-tion, and stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques. 2013-07-01 · Pleiotropic effects of rosuvastatin on the liver ultrastructure. Mice were fed the standard chow (SC) or a high-fat diet (HF) for 15 weeks, followed by five weeks of rosuvastatin treatment at doses of 10 mg/kg/day (HF-R10), 20 mg/kg/day (HF-R20), or 40 mg/kg/day (HF-R40). Numerical density of mitochondria assessed by stereology. pleiotropic effects of pitavastatin. Screening removed all conference abstracts, review articles or correspondence (editorials and letters) and articles not relevant to the pleiotropic effects of pitavastatin, yielding a total of 134 relevant articles for further assessment. Relevant papers published after December 2010 were also included as As a result, the pleiotropic effects of m.4295A>G mutation on tRNA Ile metabolism including the processing of tRNA precursors, stability and aminoacylation of tRNA Ile contributed to marked reductions in the steady-state level of tRNA Ile, in contrast with mild reductions in tRNA Asp and tRNA Met observed in the cell lines bearing the m.7551A>G and m.4435A>G mutations (31, 32).

2021-03-29

This page in English. Författare: Valeriya Lyssenko · Lena Eliasson · Olga Kotova; Kasper av C Skogastierna · 2012 — vascular effects, including improvement of vascular endothelial function, contribute to the general knowledge about the pleiotropic effects of statins, particularly. Pleiotropic Effects of GIP on Islet Function Involve Osteopontin.

The pleiotropic effects of IGF-1 and insulin on cellular metabolism, mitogenesis, apoptosis, and survival and cytodifferentiation are mediated by a complex network of intracellular signaling pathways [ 1 ]. Signaling is initiated by ligand-specific activation of cell surface receptors with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. In pharmacology, pleiotropy includes all of a drug's actions other than those for which the agent was specifically developed. It may include adverse effects which are detrimental ones, but is often used to denote additional beneficial effects. The Pleiotropic Effects of the Canonical Wnt Pathway in Early Development and Pluripotency. de Jaime-Soguero A(1), Abreu de Oliveira WA(2), Lluis F(3).